ABSTRACT
Objective:To identify a pathogenic strain JM-1 isolated from the pus of a patient stabbed by a sea shrimp and to analyze its antibiotic susceptibility and virulence genes, aiming to provide reference for screening clinically related infections caused by Cysteiniphilum litorale as a rare pathogen and improving prognosis. Methods:Biochemical phenotype identification, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), 16S rRNA gene sequencing, analysis of average nucleotide identity (ANI) and average amino acid identity (AAI) based on the whole genome and phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene and the whole genome were performed to accurately determine the taxonomic status of the strain JM-1. E-test was used to detect antibiotic susceptibility, and the results were interpreted according to the interpretation standards of Francisella tularensis in CLSI M45-A3. The virulence factor database (VFDB) was used for genome-wide annotation and analysis of virulence genes. Results:After culturing the strain JM-1 on the Columbia blood plate for 3 d, some grey-white, medium-sized, smooth, round and convex hemolytic colonies were observed. Gram staining result showed lightly colored Gram-negative Coccobacillus. API NH identification results suggested that the isolate JM-1 was Moraxella catarrhalis (biochemical code: 3010), while there was no identification result in Vitek2 system NH card (biochemical code: 0211002121). The EXS3000 mass spectrometer self-built database identified the isolate JM-1 as Cysteiniphilum litorale. The phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene and the whole genome showed that the isolate JM-1 and Cysteiniphilum litorale DSM 101832 T clustered into the same branch, and the ANI and AAI values between the two strains were 95.07% and 95.65%, respectively. The biochemical phenotype identification indicated the isolate JM-1 producing β-lactamase and penicillinase. Antibiotic susceptibility test results showed the strain was resistant to penicillin and sensitive to gentamicin, streptomycin, doxycycline, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and chloramphenicol. Genome annotation suggested the virulence genes of the isolate JM-1 were similar to those of Francisella, including Francisella pathogenicity island (FPI), type Ⅳ fimbriae, capsule and lipopolysaccharide. Conclusions:Cysteiniphilum litorale was a rare pathogen with virulence genes similar to those of Francisella, and its antibiotic susceptibility was also similar to that of Francisella. This study confirmed a case of clinical infection caused by Cysteiniphilum litorale. The self-built MALDI-TOF MS system could be used for its rapid identification.
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Objective To understand the etiology and clinical characteristics of candidemia, and the diagnostic value of(1, 3)-β-Dglucan. Methods This analysis included 31 patients with candidemia, 39 patients with Candida deep colonization, and 50 healthy subjects, who were enrolled from Wuyi Chinese Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University during the period from September 2015 to March 2018. Clinical data such as fungal culture, clinical features, and serum(1, 3)-β-D-glucan level were analyzed and compared between groups. Results Overall, 13 strains of Candida albicans and 18 strains of non-albicans Candida were isolated from the 31 patients with candidemia. The incidence of candidemia was associated with old age(>65 years), prior surgery(≤7 days), indwelling catheter(≥2 catheters and lasting ≥5 days), duration of mechanical ventilation(≥5 days)(P<0.05), but not associated with sex, underlying disease, prior use of anmicrobial and antifungal agents, immunosuppressant or glucocorticoid, or hypoproteinemia(P>0.05). Serum level of(1, 3)-β-D-glucan was significantly higher in candidemia patients than in the patients with candida deep colonization and healthy controls(P<0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of(1, 3)-β-D-glucan in diagnosing candidemia were 87.1％ and 96.0％, respectively. The level of(1, 3)-β-D-glucan was significantly higher in candidemia with bacterial infection than candidemia without bacterial infection(P<0.05). The level of of(1, 3)-β-D-glucan was also significantly higher in the candidemia caused by Candida albicans alone than that caused by non-albicans Candida alone(P<0.05). Conclusions Non-albicans Candida is more prevalent than Candida albicans in candidiasis, but Candida albicans is still the most important Candida species. The incidence of candidemia is asociated with advanced age(>65 years), prior surgery within 7 days, indwelling catheters(≥2 catheters and lasting ≥5 days), and mechanical ventilation(≥5 days). Serum(1, 3)-β-D-glucan level is valuable for early diagnosis of candidemia.
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Objective To study the diagnostic and distinguishing diagnostic value in primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC)and metastatic hepatic carcinoma (MHC)by the serum sialic acid (SA)detection.Methods During January 2012 to June 2014, 100 cases of patients with PHC,91 cases of patients with MHC,155 cases of benign liver disease patients,and 139 healthy people in Wuyi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital were included into the study.The concentration of serum SA and AFP were detected by chemical enzymatic method and chemiluminescence method,SPSS1 9.0 was used to analysis the results.Re-sults The concentration of serum SA in PHC patients (701.08±189.33 mg/L)were significantly higher than benign liver disease patients (588.38±98.51 mg/L)and healthy people (572.37±89.13 mg/L),there was statistical significance (P=0.000),the significantly statistical differences were also in MHC (790.20±162.29 mg/L)and PHC patients (P=0.027). Serum SA in the diagnosis of MHC sensitivity,specificity and AUC were 84.6%,85.2% and 0.895,compared with serum AFP (sensitivity 22.2%,specificity 29.6% and AUC 0.301)had statistically significance (P=0.000).Conclusion The se-rum SA has important clinical significance in the diagnosis and distinguishing diagnosis of PHC and MHC.
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Objective To study the levels of serum homocysteine(Hcy) ,high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and blood lipid and their correlation in the different age stage patients with cerebral infarction .Methods 352 patients with cerebral infarction receiving treatment in the hospital from December 2011 to November 2013 were selected as the study subjects and divided into the youth group ,middle age group and elderly group by age ,with contemporaneous 134 healthy individuals of physical examination as the control group .Serum lipids ,hs-CRP ,Hcy levels and the rate of abnormal test results were compared among 4 groups and the bi-variate correlation analysis was performed .Results The serum hs-CRP ,Hcy levels in the youth group were higher than those in the control group ,while the high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) level was lower than tha tin the control group ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) .The serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) ,total cholesterol (TC) ,hs-CRP and Hcy levels in the middle age and the elderly groups were significantly higher than those in the control group ,while the HDL-C level was significantly lower than that in the control group ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) .The abnormal rates of HDL-C ,hs-CRP and Hcy test results in the youth ,middle and elderly groups were significantly higher than those in the control group with statistical difference (P< 0 .05) .The abnormal rates of LDL-C detection results in the middle age group and elderly group were significantly higher than that in the control group ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) .Hcy ,hs-CRP and lipid in the youth group ,middle group and elderly group had no significant correlation ;HDL-C was negatively correlated with hs-CRP (P<0 .05);TC was positively correlated with LDL-C ,HDL-C and triglyceride(P<0 .05) .Conclusion Hyperhomocys-teinemia is an independent risk factor for cerebral infarction occurrence ,has no significant correlation with blood lipid and hs-CRP levels ,and can be used as a reliable indicator of the disease condition monitoring .